are aware of identifying what they already know,

define their goals,

are able to consider their personal resources and their motivation level,

planning (they estimate their study time and set priorities, make a checklist of what need to happen, organize materials and the necessary steps to learn by using strategies like outlining, diagramming, mnemonics, etc.),

they reflect on their learning process,

keep track of what works and does not work,

provide their own feedback,

keep concentration and motivation high,

become more skilled at using metacognitive strategies,

have insights into their learning styles and strategies,

take an active approach to the learning task at hand,

attend to form as well as to content,

develop the target language into a separate reference system,

are willing to revise and reject rules that do not apply,

have tolerant and outgoing approach to the target language.